The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship Free Essays

In order to completely understand the relation, it is Important to define what Is meant by each of the terms before Identifying any links between them. Joseph Schumacher defined entrepreneurship as â€Å"whatever the type, everyone is entrepreneur only when he actually carries out a new combination and loses that character as soon as he has built up his business, when he settles to running it as other people run their 1934, p. 78) I agree with most of this definition as this basically means that a person is only an entrepreneur when something new Is created. We will write a custom essay sample on The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship or any similar topic only for you Order Now After this point, they are not considered entrepreneurs as whatever they have created Is no longer new. Schumacher also said that Innovation Is the creation of a new product, new method of production, new markets or new ways of directing resources. It is also important to distinguish between incremental and radical Innovation. Incremental innovation refers to a small change whereas radical change means a revolutionary change, For example, the Invention of the first mobile phone was a radical innovation. The release of Apple’s latest phone is an incremental innovation. Firstly, I will examine the correlation between Just entrepreneurship and innovation. In my opinion, it is impossible to be an entrepreneur without being innovative. Summerset’s definition supports this belief. The person needs to create something incrementally or radically new in order to be an entrepreneur. A good example of this would be Steve Jobs, one of the founders of Apple. His Innovation towards portable music was radical In the sense that his product was compact. However, since then, he has made more products such as phones and computers. Schumacher also argued that innovation allows firms to generate abnormal profits which are required as they encourage research and development. However, I believe that this research and development often leads to incremental change rather than radical change. This can be seen by looking at Apple as well. Apple constantly makes incremental changes to FIFO However, incremental change is essential for economic development. Economic development is defined as the rise in the general standards of living and quality of life. It is measured by the Human Developmental Index (HID). The HID is a â€Å"way of measuring development by combining indicators of life expectancy, educational attainment and income† (UNDO, 2011). Economic development can only be achieved if there is economic growth. Economic growth is the rise in a nation’s real gross domestic product (GAP). Considering that â€Å"Development requires the removal of major sources of unfounded: poverty as well as tyranny, poor economic opportunities as well as systematic social deprivation, neglect of public facilities as well as intolerance or overcapacity of oppressive states. (Mammary Seen, 1999, p. 3), I firmly believe that economic growth can lead to economic development. Entrepreneurship and innovation fuels economic growth as it makes demand rise. An entrepreneur innovates and creates something to meet a pre-existing yet unfulfilled demand. As a result, people buy that product, allowing the entrepreneur to earn profits. These profits can be invested back into the business. The proces s then starts again and causes the economy to grow. A growing economy results in increasing expenditure. This means that unemployment falls and incomes rise. This means that consumption of necessity goods increases. The provision and consumption of services such as health care and education can also increase. Governments can also generate more revenue from tax as incomes and expenditure rises. This means the provision of public goods such as clean drinking water, sanitation and law and order increases. A rise in the supply of public goods causes a reduction in inequality gap and improves income distribution. All of these constitute to economic development as the standard of living has now been improved and this can be proven by calculating the values for the HID indicators. Furthermore, economic growth is also an incentive for more innovation as it signals to the potential entrepreneurs that the economic conditions are suitable for making profits. It is due to all these conditions that I believe that the ‘uninformed’ mentioned in Ken’s definition are removed and aptly addressed during a period of economic growth, thus, resulting in economic development. An example, from Kenya, of the process above supports my argument. According to an article published by The Guardian, a Kenya telecommunications company, Safari, started providing a mobile banking service called ‘M-Peas’ in 2003. This service permitted its users to store money on their phones and pay for items or transfer money via SMS. This provided people with an alternative source of banking that was better than the traditional method because it was portable and did not impose heavy charges for transactions. As a result, demand for mobile phones went up. A study done by the London Business School showed that for every 10 extra mobile phones per 100 people, GAP in a developing nation went up by 0. 5%. Mobile phones also aided in economic development because they â€Å"can also be used to spread vital information about farming and healthcare to isolated rural areas send symptoms of a disease to a doctor via text and receive a diagnosis. Farmers could find the market price of the crops to ensure that they are not cheated. Mobile banking is not a radical innovation however; incremental change can be more beneficial for less developed countries. This service helps improve the quality of life for people in remote, rural areas that are hard to get to due to poor infrastructure. Although, entrepreneurship and innovation can cause economic growth, it isn’t the only way. Economic growth can also be found in situations from which entrepreneurship is completely absent. A prime example of this would be the Russia during the sass. During this time, Russia was a centrally planned economy. By definition this means that all decisions were made by the state rather than individuals. â€Å"The decade of sass was thus the â€Å"golden period† of Soviet economic Roth. The patterns of Soviet growth of the sass in terms of growth accounting were very similar to the Japanese growth of the sass-ass and to Korean and Taiwanese growth in the 1960-ass – fast increases in labor productivity counterweighted the decline in capital productivity’ (Vladimir Pop, 2010) These nations saw an increase in their GAP even during a lack of entrepreneurship due to increased labor productivity. However, the rise in GAP only lasted a decade. As it can be inferred by inspecting the current economic conditions in the former Soviet states, the growth was not sustainable. Sustainability looks at the level of self-sufficiency a product or notion has. It is related to entrepreneurship and innovation in the sense that if a product, idea or procedure is not sustainable, the likelihood of its existence is low. It’s obvious to me that an entrepreneur is less likely to follow through with an idea that cannot continuously generate profits. Conversely, the concept of sustainable development has to be discussed while trying to understand the relationship between economic development and sustainability. Sustainable development is defined as â€Å"development that meets the needs of the resent without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. † (NUANCED, 1987)This means that entrepreneurs have to be innovative in a manner that satisfies the current demand but does not harm the future generation’s capacity to innovate and satisfy their demands. Sustainable entrepreneurship can help achieve economic development. For example, the invention of the catalytic converter by Eugene Hydro was a radical innovation that was meant to reduce the air pollution created by exhausts from chimneys and automobiles. This kind of radical innovation benefits the developed nations more as they have a higher rate of institution and more factories and automobiles that create emissions. In this case, sustainable entrepreneurship increases economic development because impact on health, one of the factors measured by the HID, is reduced. In conclusion, the relationship between entrepreneurship, innovation and economic development is a bilateral one. I think it is impossible to be an entrepreneur without causes economic growth which is required for economic development. However, economic growth does not equate to economic development, as shown by the report on Soviet growth rates. Even though there was economic growth, there was a very insignificant, if any, rise in the standards of living. For me, this highlights the importance of entrepreneurship in achieving economic development. Even though I think radical innovation is a better reflection of entrepreneurship, I think that incremental innovation is of greater importance for the purposes of promoting economic development in less developed countries. The incremental innovations done by entrepreneurs in less developed nations, such as Safari in Kenya, are vital for economic development due to the nature of the infrastructure in these countries. Radical innovations such as the creation of the catalytic converter and whiney scrubbers that reduce emissions are significant for improving the standards of living in developed nations due to the opulence and levels of consumption. Sustainability and sustainable development play a noteworthy role in this relationship. How to cite The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship, Papers

Environmental Impact Reduction of Commercial MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Environmental Impact Reduction of Commercial. Answer: Introduction The Changi Airport group is the wholly owned subsidiary that deals with the management of the airports globally. The Singapore Changi Airport group is the leading manager of providing services in the aviation sector. It has been seen that the airports are the main parts of the infrastructure of the country as well a the economic development. Talking about the global experience of the Chagi Airport, Then the company already built 50 airports including Singapore Changi group in minimum 20 countries. This report outlines the human resource management planning of Chingi Airport group that focuses on the motivation of the employees, their performance as well as the career planning. The report focused on many theories and concepts identified by the famous authors like Maslow, Stone and Mathis. The report explains the job enlargement concept also. There are basically 4 environmental factors that affect the culture, management and the structure of the Changi Airport group. According to Stone (2005) there are four main trends or factors that affect the working of the aviation industry. The four factors are Political, Economic, Social, Technological, and this framework has a great impact on the airline industry. These environmental factors are not under the control of the Changi Airport group. The political factors involve into the interference of the government on the operations of the Aviation industry. The Aviation industry is the industry which operates in the political and legal environment. All the operations of the airline industries are regulated and restricted by the political environments. The interference of government in the operations is important for safety purposes as well protecting the interests of the passengers (Abdulkadir, 2012). The economic condition of the country is the important factor that affects the business as well all its activities. The economic condition or the economic health of the country can be measured by many indicators. The economic condition of the country can be measured through the per capita income of the country, gross domestic product and industrial growth. Moving further, the change in the prices of the oil is the major factor that may affect the profitability of the airline industry. Social and demographic factors These are the factors that affect the business of Changi Airport business with the changing preference regarding travel of the new generation. However, over the last years, the demand for the airports and the airlines is increasing which is beneficial for the business of the Changi group. The Forecasting of the demand of the generation for air travel can be done by the growth of the new generation. For example, the forecasting of the future demand of US tour and travel can be measured by the millions of generations (Gray-Mullen, 2011). This will depend on the age of the people like including 16 to 34 years old people in young generation. The technological factor is also very important factor in the business of airport management. The companies like Changi Airport group adopts the latest technologies to survive in the aviation sector with its competitors. It is the clear fact that the new technological airports and airlines leads to low fuel emissions, which maintain the cost as well as efficiency (Salah, 2014). Maslows Hierarchy of needs helps motivate employees Organizational behavior is the process with the help of which Chingi Airport group company can determine the expectations of the workers and found many ways to meet their expectations. The Chingi Airport group can offer incentives to its employees, when they know about the needs of the employees. The rewards and the incentives will depend upon the organizational need of the employees. Maslow, Herzberg and many people discovered many theories and concepts of the organizational behavior. It is very important to identify the needs of human being and there are many theories and studies that are applied to identify the needs (Wahba Bridwell, 1976)s. This is an obvious thing that every individual has needs and also fluctuates with the passage of time. The very popular theory is used to identify the needs developed by the Maslow. Maslow introduced hierarchy of five needs. Maslow Theory of identifying needs: -According to Maslows theory, there are five needs of the human beings (Jackson, 2012). The hierarchy of Maslows need starts with the physiological needs which are the basic needs of the any human being and these kind of needs include food shelter and clothing. The safety needs are those which are related to the job security, and security of resources. And also involve the needs of belongingness covers family, friendship etc. Moving further to the next level, the esteem needs which relate to the respect, self esteem, confidence etc. Moreover, the creativity and acceptance of the facts are the part of the self actualization. As per the view of the Maslow, one must satisfy the basic needs to fulfill the needs of the self actualization. Maslow believed that there dwells a certain number of needs in humans and those needs are met in a certain order (Kaur, 2013). According to the Mathis and Jackson (2000), there are four types of the incentives. First one is Financial incentives, second is non financial, third one is organizational and last is group incentives. Talking about the type of incentives, it will depend upon the nature and behavior of the employees working in the organization as there are many people who are satisfied with appraisal only and there are also employees who expects some financial rewards. Thus, it is important to analyze the actual requirement of the employees working in Chingi airport group (Jackson, 2012). Monetary rewards These types of rewards are beneficial to motivate and encourage the most of the employees in Changi Airport group. The form of giving the monetary or financial reward is bonuses,increments, promotions and salary hike, etc. Moreover, a company also offers some of the allowances for the accommodation, vehicles to satisfy and encourage the employees in the company. As a result of which, the company also offers the option of provident funds for the future savings of the employees. Organizational rewards: - The organization rewards stands for the distribution of the profits or income into the different employees who performed well. This will automatically encourage and motivates the employees to perform efficiently for the future. The Ching Airport group follows the policy to distribute the bonuses after a certain period of time like monthly yearly or half yearly. Non monetary awards: - Apart from the Monetary rewards, there is the option of non financial reward which is for those employees who work for the appreciation, not for the money. They need a non monetary incentives in the form of appreciation, announcing best employer of the month, performance appraisal in front of the whole organization. The Chingi Airport group organized many events in which they appreciate the performances of the employees to motivate and encourage them to work harder. The chingi airport group announced the employee of the month on the basis of their performance and to tell the other employees that how important they are for the company. These are the best ways to motivate as they save the costs and time of the company(McNulty, 2006). There are a number of ways to offer the non financial rewards and they are as follows Employee recognition events organized on periodical basis. To appreciate, in front of the organization for the better productivity of Chingi Airport group. Offering vouchers and bonuses in the form of Gift cards as token of appreciation. To make the employees important , the company displays the name of the best employees on the notice board. Group incentives: - The company divided the employees into team and group to perform the particular task. The engagement of the employees into the important work of the company make them happy to be a part of the organization. It is very important to clarify and communicate the objectives of the company so that the employees working in teams perform well to achieve the objectives. The group incentives can be achieved by engaging the staff and it is very important as to increase the productivity and the employee engagement follows some steps like to prepare, include, communicate and then clarify. The group incentives are in the form of some movie tickets, entertainment packages, holiday packages for the employees. The engagement of staff in groups or teams results into the coordination and more positive results. (Gonzlez Hupe, 2007). Participation in Decision Making: - The participation of the employees in the decision making is the best tool to motivate and encourage them. The employees get motivated when the importance is given to their decisions and ideas . The employees ideas and their knowledge sometimes lead to good results. The positive point is that , it results into low absenteeisim of the employees in the company. (Team, 2010). Three points on the importance of performance appraisal and career planning Performance appraisal and the career planning are the two most important aspects. As we know that the employees are the most important tool of the organization. It is very important to value and appraise the performance of the new as well as the older workers, but also the HR professionals in Chingi Airport should plan and prepare for the exit from the workforce. The women HR professionals need to conduct some strategic workforce analysis to measure the loss of experienced talent in the coming years. It is very important to take care of the strategic planning and all the internal as well as external factors. The performance of the employees should be analyzed and then take the best decisions regarding the best performance of the employees and then appreciate the employees accordingly. Its very important to encourage the young generation as they come up with the new ideas and work for the company success as compared to the experienced people. It is essential to conduct the training se ssions and to share the relevant information with the employees to improve their performance. The clear description regarding the technology used should be given to these employees in the training program (CAI Team, 2017). The connection between the performance and the incentives given to them should be strong. The suggestion box rules in the Chingi Airport company also helps to know the drawbacks and flaws in the performance of the all the employees and how that can be improved. As it is clear from the name that job enlargement is the process of increasing the job tasks and responsibilities. The job enlargement has its positive as well as negative effects. A Job enlargement at the Chingi Airport group helpful in the improvement of the skills of the employees. The increase in the task will give them an opportunity to learn more about the new things. This increases the chances of earning capacity. As in the future period of time, the employees can bargain with the other employers for more salary (Adenle, 2011). From the prospective of the organization like Chingi Airport group, the employees are able to perform wide range of the activities and single employees holds multi activities at one time that makes the employees versatile. The next benefit is that the absenteeism of the employees will be reduced if the organization encourages its employees and create a feeling of importance in their minds.. Furthermore, If all the employees collectively motivated then it is an obvious that automatically, team work is promoted work together to achieve the goals and teamwork leads to efficiency. Also, it is beneficial in reducing the turnover of the organization because the company needs not to hire new employees in the organization. Disadvantages of job enlargement The disadvantages of the job enlargement are that it increases the burden of the work and it is not necessary that every company provides extra money for extra work. The Chingi airport group is the company who pays an extra amount for the extra work. By doing this, the Chingi group recognizes the efforts of the individuals working in the Singapore Chingi groups. The increase in the task and activities may result into the frustration of the employee when these activities of the employees result into no rewards, no promotions, no extra salary. Another problem exists with the job enlargement is that the union members of airlines group may consider this as an exploitation of the employees at the company and resist the employees to enter into the job enlargement. The main 3 factors that resist the employees to enter into the process of job enlargement and these are the frustration of the employee, no extra money or salary and the overburden of the work on. It is important to hire young people in the organization but on the other hand, it is also important to retain the expert people. Both the generations have its pros and cons. Both of them are needed in the organization and their importance is equally same. But retaining the old employee as well as training the new employees is quite an expensive process Conclusion The whole report is based on the employee recognition and their motivation in the company. The company chosen for this report is a Singapore Chingi group that deals with the management of the airports . The company expects that the employee are very important and their satisfaction is must for the successful growth of the business. References Abdulkadir, D., 2012. Effects of Strategic Performance Appraisal, Career Planning and Employee Participation on Organizational Commitment: An Empirical Study. 5(4), pp. 1-10. Adenle, C., 2011. 12 Reasons Why Employees Resist Change in the Workplace, Available at: https://catherinescareercorner.com/2011/07/26/12-reasons-why-employees-resist-change-in-the-workplace/ CAI Team, 2017. Creating world-class airports worldwide. [Online] Available at: https://www.cai.sg/about-us/corporate-profile/ Gonzlez, R. Hupe, J., 2007. ICAO Environmental Report 2007, Available at: https://www.icao.int/environmental-protection/Documents/Env_Report_07.pdf Gray-Mullen, P., 2011. Environmental Impacts of Aviation, Available at: https://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/millennium/00036.pdf Jackson, 2012. Human Resource Management: Wage, Salary and Reward Administration, Available at: https://docshare01.docshare.tips/files/9920/99207905.pdf Kaur, A., 2013. Maslows Need Hierarchy Theory: Applications and Criticisms. Global Journal of Management and Business Studies., 3(3), pp. 1061-1064. McNulty, R., 2006. Strategic review of general aviation in the UK, Available at: https://publicapps.caa.co.uk/docs/33/StrategicReviewGA.pdf Salah, K., 2014. Environmental impact reduction of commercial aircraft around airports. Less noise and less fuel consumption. European Transport Research Review, March , 6(1), p. 7184. Team, H., 2010. Redeployment and Exit Strategies, Available at: https://www.hrwale.com/hr-planning/70-2/ Wahba, N. Bridwell, W., 1976. Maslow reconsidered: A review on research on the need hierarchy model, Available at: https://larrybridwell.com/Maslo.pdf

Anger Essays - Emotions, Anger, Rage, Resentment, Rageaholic

Anger Aspects Anger has always been one of the most predominant emotions among human beings. Quick to rise, and even quicker to lash out, the simple emotion of anger has the power to destroy and create. Some only see the side of anger that causes meaningless death and destruction; however, for those who seek it, there is another side. Anger has been the motivator for many who have been oppressed, and refuse to allow their servitude to continue. People who are forced into slavery and subjugation can only rely upon anger for their oppressors to keep them vigilant for a chance to escape or revolt. The two-faced emotion of anger shows its malevolent face as often as it shows its beneficial one. The cold rage that anger can pull a person into has ended or ruined many lives. With little or no warning, anger can strike a man down, showing no remorse and giving no restitution. When a slave lies in the dark on his hard bed of dirt, wind whipping through his tattered blanket, anger keeps him warm. A building rage accumulates in him, and drives him to seek freedom, a freedom he deserves. This scene repeats itself throughout time, all over the world. Anger sends adrenaline surging through a mother's body in a time of crisis, giving her enough strength to lift a car off her struggling child. Without anger lives would be lost, tyranny would go unopposed, and inhumanities would be quietly accepted. Anger becomes a powerful tool in the hands of those who know how to shape its energies into a useful form. There are people who cannot direct the energy given to them by anger. They allow anger to consume them, to run their lives. These people fall victim to the essence of anger: a mindless, uncaring rage. Lashing out at the people around them, destroying what they can without remorse or regret, these people, consumed with anger, are recorded in the annals history as symbols of true evil. Those are the most extreme examples of the potential destructive power of anger. Yet the more common and isolated instances of anger's wrath are just as devastating to the individuals who suffer through them. An enraged husband may misunderstand a situation and, blinded by anger, try to strike back at his wife, whom he believes has been unfaithful. If he had been in possession of all his faculties he could have seen that he had merely misinterpreted the matter and there was no need for action on his part. Yet instead his blood runs like molten iron through his veins, he only sees the infidelity of his partner until death. His actions destroy the love between them which had been nurtured for years. Anger destroys love: the greatest tragedy of our time. Anger, the most powerful and feared emotion of the soul's repertoire, destroys and creates in the same breath. A swaying balance is a representation of anger; every shift toward an apocalypse is countered with a swing in the direction of new life. Moving from one person to the next anger is an ever present force in our world, and has been since the beginning of time. No one can defeat anger since it is not a foe, and no one can embrace anger since it is not an ally. Anger is a great objective cycle: destroying what it creates and creating what it destroys.

Free Essays on By Our Deaf Students Well Be Taught

Hearing people have a lot to offer to the deaf when it comes to language, such as the teaching of sign language, proper English, ways to communicate effectively, and much more. What they don’t realize is that deaf people can indeed return the favor. For instance, one could say that the majority of deaf people acquitted their knowledge of sign language from a hearing teacher. There are times where, after being taught, deaf people would give their teachers little cues that allow them to communicate with them more effectively. Helen E. Meador, in her article, tells of several encounters with deaf students. In one of her many experiences, she explains how she learned to sign what she means in order ensure that her students understood what she meant, not what she signed. In one of her classes, for example, she was reading them a book and upon completion, asked them to close their books and to her amazement, they didn’t. When inquiring why they didn’t do as told, one of her students told her that she didn’t say it like she meant it, since her eyebrows weren’t raised. This clearly showed that the deaf not only relied on signs to communicate, but also facial expression. After this incident she learned to use more facial expression to ensure that her students understood what she meant while she communicates with them. In another encounter, Meador learned to be creative with her signing. In one of her reading classes, after completing a short story, she asked the class their opinion of the story. One student replied, â€Å"2-4-8†. Puzzled, Meador asked the student what she meant and the student told her that it simply meant, â€Å"very interesting†. That day, Meador learned to use sign language at a different level. One of the many things Meador learned from the deaf was language tolerance. In one situation a deaf student taught her the visual mode of communication. She tells of a teacher who experienced a communicat... Free Essays on By Our Deaf Students We'll Be Taught Free Essays on By Our Deaf Students We'll Be Taught Hearing people have a lot to offer to the deaf when it comes to language, such as the teaching of sign language, proper English, ways to communicate effectively, and much more. What they don’t realize is that deaf people can indeed return the favor. For instance, one could say that the majority of deaf people acquitted their knowledge of sign language from a hearing teacher. There are times where, after being taught, deaf people would give their teachers little cues that allow them to communicate with them more effectively. Helen E. Meador, in her article, tells of several encounters with deaf students. In one of her many experiences, she explains how she learned to sign what she means in order ensure that her students understood what she meant, not what she signed. In one of her classes, for example, she was reading them a book and upon completion, asked them to close their books and to her amazement, they didn’t. When inquiring why they didn’t do as told, one of her students told her that she didn’t say it like she meant it, since her eyebrows weren’t raised. This clearly showed that the deaf not only relied on signs to communicate, but also facial expression. After this incident she learned to use more facial expression to ensure that her students understood what she meant while she communicates with them. In another encounter, Meador learned to be creative with her signing. In one of her reading classes, after completing a short story, she asked the class their opinion of the story. One student replied, â€Å"2-4-8†. Puzzled, Meador asked the student what she meant and the student told her that it simply meant, â€Å"very interesting†. That day, Meador learned to use sign language at a different level. One of the many things Meador learned from the deaf was language tolerance. In one situation a deaf student taught her the visual mode of communication. She tells of a teacher who experienced a communicat...

America from 1790 to 1845 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

America from 1790 to 1845 - Essay Example The work force consisted of former slaves who had been freed, Native Americans and Irish immigrants from New York who had come in search of jobs at a salary of $12 per month. A densely forested pass in the Appalachian mountains was cut through using instruments like the axe and the shovel. The engineers and workers constructed locks, and by-passed waterfalls. After the canal was opened for traffic, many cities sprang up on its banks. It facilitated trade between the East and the West. The young nation became a well knit nation because of the canal According to the author,.if the canal had not been built during that time, the western states of the United States might have formed a separate nation. The story of the Erie canal is very inspiring, and the engineers and workmen who achieved it in spite of many hardships are praiseworthy. I do not agree with the author that the West would have become a separate nation if the canal had not been built at that time.

No Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

No - Assignment Example Furthermore, the crux of the matter, as the authors relate it, hinges upon the differential that is noticed between the aforementioned â€Å"real option† as compared to the â€Å"discounted cash flow†. Regardless of the causal mechanisms, the authors argue that understanding EC as a function of behavior and what triggers it are key concerns for the operations and decision making structures that many organizations and individuals employ on a daily basis. Methods The methodology that the study employed was concentric upon a group of 80 financial managers which were drawn from a diverse group of companies. For purposes of the study, the participants were all graduates in either accounting or management. As a means to insure that the participants all had a modicum of experience, the participants were only selected from those which had a minimum average experience of around 7 years on the job. As a means of answering the questions associated with the research questions, the researchers distributed among these 80 participants a questionnaire which was divided into 3 separate and distinct subsections. The first section introduced the research and required the participants to give their general information; to include age, sex, degree, field of expertise etc. Likewise, the second part was divided into two subsections of its own. The first of these subsections offered a brief explanation of the capital budgeting methods (real option or net present value). The second subsection elaborated upon how the former were calculated; giving examples and showing the methodology/formulation. Similarly, the third section consisted of three subsections of its own. The first of these subsections helped to describe the hypothetical project to the participants as a way of seeking to gain shareholder buy in. The second subsection sought to obtain a quantitative measurement based upon the first with respect to whether they would seek to abandon or salvage a given project on a scale of 0-100 (Karimi et al 478). Likewise the third subsection required the participants to answer 9 multiple choice questions with a 0-5 rating concerning their hypothetical choices that have been previously determined within the other sections. Description Although previous studies have worked to show that the use of real option methods for the purpose of evaluation tend to yield better results, the hypothesis that were tested within this study helped to reflect a slightly different result. This is no doubt due in part to the participants which were involved. Whereas previous studies have relied almost exclusively on university students in order to populate their studies, this particular study relied exclusively on those that have spent an average of 7 years within the industry and likely this factor more than any other has helped to differentiate the results that were seen. This helps to necessarily present the researcher with a clear and unavoidable juxtaposition of actual r eal-world experience that has helped to inform the research question. Evaluation I found this project to be contextually interesting but the research model and statistical generation that were reported could have been much better written as a way to engage the reader/researcher with the findings

Ethics in the workplace Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethics in the workplace - Coursework Example The Pregnancy Discrimination Act, however, protects women from discrimination during their pregnancy, a time at which their output can be limited (Niles, 2013). Americans with Disability Act (1990) and Rehabilitation Act (1973) are the most important labor laws to the disabled employee. Provisions of the rehabilitation act seek to ensure that employees with disabilities, and who work in specific category or organizations, access healthcare facilities form their employer. The Americans with Disability Act, however, ensures reasonable treatment of disabled employees (Niles, 2013). Civil Rights Act (1964) is the most important labor law to the African American because among other provisions, the law protects people against race-based discrimination during hiring and during employment (Niles, 2013). The Civil Rights Act (1964) is also the most important legislation to the Muslim employee who may be susceptible to religion-based discrimination that could occur during hiring and during employment (Niles,